Null-terminated byte strings
From cppreference.com
A null-terminated byte string (NTBS) is a sequence of nonzero bytes followed by a byte with value zero (the terminating null character). Each byte in a byte string encodes one character of some character set. For example, the character array {'\x63', '\x61', '\x74', '\0'} is an NTBS holding the string "cat" in ASCII encoding.
Functions
Character classification | |
| Defined in header
<cctype> | |
| checks if a character is alphanumeric (function) | |
| checks if a character is alphabetic (function) | |
| checks if a character is lowercase (function) | |
| checks if a character is an uppercase character (function) | |
| checks if a character is a digit (function) | |
| checks if a character is a hexadecimal character (function) | |
| checks if a character is a control character (function) | |
| checks if a character is a graphical character (function) | |
| checks if a character is a space character (function) | |
| (C++11) |
checks if a character is a blank character (function) |
| checks if a character is a printing character (function) | |
| checks if a character is a punctuation character (function) | |
Character manipulation | |
| converts a character to lowercase (function) | |
| converts a character to uppercase (function) | |
| ASCII values (hex) |
characters | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 - 8 | 0x00-0x08
|
control codes (NUL, etc.)
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 9 | 0x09
|
tab (\t)
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 10 - 13 | 0x0A-0x0D
|
whitespaces (\n,\v,\f,\r)
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 14 - 31 | 0x0E-0x1F
|
control codes | ≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 32 | 0x20
|
space | 0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 33 - 47 | 0x21-0x2F
|
!"#$%&'()*+,-./
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 48 - 57 | 0x30-0x39
|
0123456789
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
| 58 - 64 | 0x3a-0x40
|
:;<=>?@
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 65 - 70 | 0x41-0x46
|
ABCDEF
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
| 71 - 90 | 0x47-0x5A
|
GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 91 - 96 | 0x5B-0x60
|
[\]^_`
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 97 -102 | 0x61-0x66
|
abcdef
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
| 103-122 | 0x67-0x7A
|
ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
| 123-126 | 0x7B-0x7E
|
{|}~
|
0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
≠0
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| 127 | 0x7F
|
backspace character (DEL)
|
≠0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Conversions to numeric formats | |
| Defined in header
<cstdlib> | |
| converts a byte string to a floating point value (function) | |
| converts a byte string to an integer value (function) | |
| converts a byte string to an integer value (function) | |
| converts a byte string to an unsigned integer value (function) | |
| converts a byte string to a floating point value (function) | |
| Defined in header
<cinttypes> | |
| (C++11)(C++11) |
converts a byte string to std::intmax_t or std::uintmax_t (function) |
String manipulation | |
| Defined in header
<cstring> | |
| copies one string to another (function) | |
| copies a certain amount of characters from one string to another (function) | |
| concatenates two strings (function) | |
| concatenates a certain amount of characters of two strings (function) | |
| transform a string so that strcmp would produce the same result as strcoll (function) | |
String examination | |
| Defined in header
<cstring> | |
| returns the length of a given string (function) | |
| compares two strings (function) | |
| compares a certain amount of characters of two strings (function) | |
| compares two strings in accordance to the current locale (function) | |
| finds the first occurrence of a character (function) | |
| finds the last occurrence of a character (function) | |
| returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters found in another byte string (function) | |
| returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters not found in another byte string (function) | |
| finds the first location of any character from a set of separators (function) | |
| finds the first occurrence of a substring of characters (function) | |
| finds the next token in a byte string (function) | |
Character array manipulation | |
| Defined in header
<cstring> | |
| searches an array for the first occurrence of a character (function) | |
| compares two buffers (function) | |
| fills a buffer with a character (function) | |
| copies one buffer to another (function) | |
| moves one buffer to another (function) | |
Miscellaneous | |
| Defined in header
<cstring> | |
| returns a text version of a given error code (function) | |
See also
| C documentation for Null-terminated byte strings
|